Outline

Lecture Notes for Pyrotechnic Chemistry – Outline


1. Basic Chemical Principles

Atomic Structure
Chemical Bonds
Chemical Names
Chemical Formulas and Equations
Common Pyrotechnic Materials

2. Pyrotechnic Chemistry, Ignition and Propagation

Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
Reaction Energy Considerations
Pyrotechnic Ignition

3. Pyrotechnic Primes and Priming

Ignition and Propagation Energy
Considerations
Functions Performed by Primes
Prime Formulations
Application Techniques
Alternatives to Priming

4. Factors Affecting Burn Rate

Choice of Fuel / Oxidizer and Ratio
Degree of Mixing
Particle Size and Shape
Additives and Catalysts
Temperature, Pressure and Confinement
Physical Form and Consolidation
Geometry, Crystal and Environmental Effects

5. Aspects of Pyrotechnic Burning

Matches and Ignition Systems
Pyrotechnic Delays
Progressive vs. Propagative Burning
Black Match / Quick Match Mechanism
Rocket Performance / Malfunctions
Burning / Deflagration / Detonation

6. Physical Basis for Colored Light Production

Nature of Light
Basic Quantum Theory
Line, Band and Continuous Emissions
Chromaticity Diagram
Laws of Additive Color Mixing
Color Theory Applied

7. Chemistry of Colored Flame

Mechanism of Colored Light Production
Colored Light Chemistry
Control of Color Chemistry
Color Enhancers
Use of Metal Fuels
Special Topics

8. Chemistry of Sparks, Glitter and Strobe

Light Emission from Sparks
Control of Spark Chemistry
Mechanism of Glitter
Influence of Metal Fuels on Glitter
Control of Glitter Delay
Mechanism of Strobe
Control of Strobe Rate

9. Pyrotechnic Smoke and Noise

Physical Smoke
Chemical Smoke
Whistles
Salutes / Reports

10. Approaches to Formulation Development

Approaches to Formulation Development
Add a Component
Mix Compositions
Triangle Diagrams
Stoichiometric Approach
Other Approaches

11. Pyrotechnic Sensitivity

Water Sensitivity
Auto-Ignition Temperature
Friction Sensitivity
Impact Sensitivity
Electrostatic Sensitivity

12. Pyrotechnic Hazard Management

Elements of Hazard Management
Chemical Toxicity Hazards
Pyrotechnic Hazards
Hazardous Chemical Combinations
Control of Hazards

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